Comprehensive review of dibenzocyclooctadiene lignans from the Schisandra genus: anticancer potential, mechanistic insights and future prospects in oncology

Jafernik, Karolina; Motyka, Sara; Calina, Daniela; Sharifi-Rad, Javad; Szopa, Agnieszka

doi:10.1186/s13020-024-00879-0

Table 1 Phytochemical profiles of individual species of the Schisandra genus

From: Comprehensive review of dibenzocyclooctadiene lignans from the Schisandra genus: anticancer potential, mechanistic insights and future prospects in oncology

Species	Part of plant	Group of compounds	Chemical compounds	References
Schisandra chinensis	Fruits	DBCLS	Schisandrin, schisandrins B, C, γ-schisandrin, schisantherins A, B, schisanthenol, deoxyschisandrin, gomisin A, G, schisanchinins A–D, nicotinoylgomisin	[22, 31]
		Dibenzylbutane lignans	Schineolignans A–C	[34, 35]
		Tetrahydrofuran lignans	Schinlignin A, B	[34, 35]
		Triterpenoids	Schisanartanin A, B, schisanartanin A, B, 3,4-seco-21,26-olido-artan acid triterpenoid-wuweizilactone	[34, 36,37,38]
		Bisnortriterpenoids	Wuweizidilactone	[34]
		Bioelements	Co, Mg, Fe, Zn, Cr, Ni, Cu, Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, B	[26, 39, 40]
	Leaves and stems	Triterpenoids	Schinchinenins A–H, schinchinenlactones A–C	[41]
		Nortriterpenoids	Schinesdilactone A. B, isoschicagenin C, schicagenins A–C, schisdilactones A–G	[28, 42]
		DBCLS	Schisandrin, gomisin A, J, pregomisin, angeloylgomisin H, Q	[43]
	Leaves	DBCLS	Deoxyschisandrin, schisandrin B, gomisin G, A, schisantherin, schisandrin	[44,45,46,47,48]
		Flavonoids	Isoquercitrin, hyperoside, rutin, myricetin, quercetin, quercetin and kaempferol glycosides: ( +)-isoscoparin, quercetin 3-o-β-l-rhamnopyranosyl (1 → 6)-β-d glucopyranoside	[49]
		Phenolic acids	Chlorogenic, p-coumaric, p-hydroxybenzoic, protocatechuic, salicylic, syringic, gentisic, ferulic, cinnamic acids	[49]
Schisandra sphenanthera	Fruits	DBCLS	Pregomisin, gomisin C, S, K3, J, U, epigomisin O, 6-o-benzoylgomisin, benzoylgomisin U, methylgomisin, tigloylgomisin P, angeloylgomisin P	[63]
		Derivatives of DBCLS	Schisfenins C–G, schisfenone	[65, 66]
		4-Aryltetralin lignan	Schisandrone	[65, 66]
		Aryltetralone lignan	Schisphentetralone A	[65, 66]
		3-Dimethyl-1,4-diarylbutane lignans	d, l-Anwulignan, sphenanlignan	[65, 66]
		2,5-Diaryltetrahydrofuran lignans	Chicanin, d-epigalbacin, ganschisandrine	[65, 66]
		Triterpenoids	Schisandronic acid (ganvuweisic acid), anvuweisic acid, kadsuric acid, coccinic acid, schinalactones A–C, G, schisanol	[65, 66, 69]
		Nortriterpenoids	Sphenalactones A–D, sphenadilactone C, sphenazine	[70, 117]
	Stems	DBCLS	Gomisin B, G, O, epigomisin O, schisantherin A, D, marlignan E, angeloylgomysin Q, schisfenlignans A–D	[67]
	Roots	Terahydrofuran lignans	Schiglaucin A, B, epoxyzuonin, thalaumidine, myristartenol A	[68]
Schisandra henryi	Leaves and stems	DBCLS	Gomisin G, schisantherin A, benzylgomisin Q, deoxyschisandrin, schisandrin	[78,79,80]
		Aryltetraline lignans	Wulignan A1, A2, epiwulignan A1, enshicine, epienshicine, dimethylwulignan A1	[78,79,80]
		Dibenzylbutane lignans	Henricin A, B, isoanwulignan	[78,79,80]
		Tetrahydrofuran lignan	Ganschisandrine	[80]
	Stems	Triterpenoids	Henrisquinines A–C, acids: isoschisandronic, kadsuric, anwuweizic, schisandronic, nigranic, 3-ethyl ester of nigranic acid, schisanlactone B	[81]
	Stems	Nortriterpenoids	Henridilactones A-D, schiprolactone A	[82]
	Fruits	DBCLS	Schisantherin B, schisanhenol, schisanhenrin	[83]
	Fruits	Terpenoids acids	Kadsuric acid, schisanhenric acid	[83]
	Leaves	DBCLS	Schisandrin, gomisin G, schisantherin A, B, deoxyschisandrin, schisandrin C,	[77]
		Phenolic acids	Gallic, neochlorogenic, kaftaric, caffeic acids	[77]
		Flavonoids	Hyperoside, rutin, trifolin, quercitrin, quercitin and kaempferol	[77]
Schisandra rubriflora	Fruits	DBCLS	Angeloylgomisin P, Q, benzoylgomisin Q, deoxyschisandrin, epiwulignan A1, isogomisin O, rubrilignans A, B, rubrischisantherin	[88]
		Phenolic acids	Chlorogenic acid, cryptochlorogenic acid	[89]
		Flavonoids	Hyperoside, rutin, isoquercitrin, guaijaverin, trifolin, quercetin, kaempferol, isorhamnetin	[89]
	Leaves	Dibenzylbutane lignans	Mesomono-methyl-dihydroguaretic acid, mesodihydroguaretic acid, 4,4′-(2R,3S)-2,3-dimethylbutane-1,4-diyl)bis(1,2-dimethoxybenzene)	[86]
		Arylnaphthalene lignans	(8R,7′R,8R)-5-Hydroxy-4,3′,4′-trimethoxy-2,7′-cyclolignan	[86]
		Flavonoids	Hyperoside, rutin, isoquercetin, guaijaverin, trifolin, quercetin, kaempferol, isorhamnetin	[88]
	Stems	DBCLS	Angeloylgomisin Q and P, schisandrin, schisantherin A, gomisin D, epigomisin O, tiglomisin P, benzoylgomisin Q, machilin D, rubrisandrin A, B, schirubrins A–D	[86]
		Megastiman glycosides	Megastigmano-3-α-4β-9ξ-triol-3-o-β-d-glucopyranoside and 7-megastigmano-3-ol-9-one-3-o-α-l-arabifuranosyl-(1 → 6)–β–d-glucopyranoside	[87]
		Phenolic acids	Syringic, neochlorogenic, chlorogenic, cryptochlorogenic acids	[86, 88]
		Flavonoids	Naringin, didimine, mazopsin 6-o-glucopyranoside, hyperoside, rutine, isoquercetin, guaijaverin, trifolin, quercetin, kaempferol, isorhamnetin	[86, 88]
		Bisnortriterpenoids	Rubriflordilactones A, B	[86, 88]
	Stems and leaves	Nortriterpenoids	Rubriflorins A–J	[86, 88]
Schisandra grandiflora	Fruits	DBCLS	Gomisins A, B, D, K3, M1 and N, deoxyschisandrin, schisandrin, (–) gomisin K1, epigomisin O, tiglomisin P, benzoylgomisin O, schisandrin C	[97,98,99]
		Tetrahydrofuran lignans	Chicanine	[97,98,99]
		Derivatives of tetrahydrofuran lignans	Veraguensin	[97,98,99]
		Dibenzylbutane lignans	Macelignan	[97,98,99]
		Diaryldimethylbutane lignans	Saurulignan B	[97,98,99]
		Tetralin lignans	Arisantetralone C. D	[97,98,99]
		Triterpenoids	Schisandronic acid, schizandrolic acid	[97,98,99]
		Sesquiterpenoids	Viddaranal A–C, isokuparenal, schisanspheninal A, vidarol peroxide	[96]
	Leaves and stems	Nortriterpenoids	Schigrandilactones A–C, lancifodilactones C, D, 11K, L, N, 12 microrandilactones A,2, henridilactones A, B	[100]
	Stems	Triterpenoids	Granditriol, 2α,3β,23-trihydroxyurs-12,20(30)-dien-28-oic acid β-d-glucopyranosyl ester, acetylursolic acid, ursolic acid, 2α,3α-dihydroxyurs-12-ene-28-oic acid, corosolic acid, asiatic acid, 2α,3α,19α-trihydroxyurs-12-ene-28-oic acid, 2α,3α,23-trihydroxyurs-12-ene -28-oic acid, 23-hydroxyursolic acid, maslinic acid, 2α,3β,23-trihydroxyolean-12-en-28-oic acid β-d-glucopyranosyl ester, lupeol, betulinic acid	[101]
Schisandra propinqua	Stems	DBCLS	Interioterin A, benzoylgomisin O, gomisin G, O schisantherin, heteroclithin A, tigloylgomisin P, angeloylgomisin O, angeloylisogomisin O, cadsulignan L(4), ( ±) 5,8-epoxy-6,7-dimethyl-2′,3′,2″,3″-dimethylenedioxy-4′,1″-dimethyl-1,2:3,4-dibenzo-1,3-cyclooctadiene, wuweizisu C, angeloyl-( +)-gomisin K, methylisogomisin O, isogomisin O, angeloylisogomisin O, angeloygomisin O, benzoylgomisin O, epigomisin O, propinvanins A–D	[102,103,104,105,106]
		Neolignans	4,4-Di(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-2,3-dimethylbutanol	[132]
		Derivatives of lignans	Galgravin, veraguensin, octadecanoic acid 2,3-dihydroxypropyl ester, 2-hexadecanoic acid 3-dihydroxypropyl ester, tetracosanoic acid 2,3-dihydroxypropyl ester	[102]
		Triterpenoids acids	Schisandrolic, isoschisandrolic, nigranic, manvuweic, schisandronic acids	[118]
		Nortiterpenoids	Propindilactones E-J	[110]
	Stems and leaves	Triterpenoids	Propindilactone T, U, changnanic acid 3-methyl ester, schipropine acid	[136]
	Leaves	Nitrophenol glycosides	6′-o-Alpha-l-arabinofuranosylthalictoside, 6′-o-beta-d-apiofuranosylthalictoside, talictoside, icarizide D2, prinsepiol, ( +)-1-hydroxypinoresinol, ( +)-medioresinol	[112]

Back to article page

ISSN: 1749-8546

Contact us

Submission enquiries: Access here and click Contact Us
General enquiries: info@biomedcentral.com

Chinese Medicine

Contact us